in of silver ore found on the North American continent. 2. By the end of the Indian Wars, the Native American population in the continental United States had d. fallen to 250,000 from an estimated 15 million at the time of first contact with Europeans. 3. The invention of barbed wire revolutionized the cattle industry by d. making it possible for ranchers to fence in their cattle. 4. African American cowboys in the West were c. ignored by the popular fiction of the time, despite their substantial presence in the region. 5. The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 d. had led to a sharp decline in the Chinese population of the American West by 1900. 6. The buffalo herds on the Great Plains were decimated by b. both buffalo hunters hired by the railroads and irresponsible sportsmen. 7. The Dawes Act (1887) d. broke up reservations and allotted individual pieces of land to Native Americans. 8. After 1889 Ghost Dance D. was a religious ritual that was supposed to resurrect fallen warriors and rid the Indians of white intruders. 9. The Homestead Act of 1862 promised D. 160 acres free to any citizen or prospective citizen who settled on land west of the Mississippi River for five years. 10. Henry Miller and Charles Lux can best be described as C. the Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller of the far West. 11. The Gilded Age can be described as A. an era marked by personal greed and a corrupt partnership between business and politics. 12. When he died in 1892, Jay Gould was described as both "the world's richest man" and "the most hated man in America," an indication that C. he was a symbol of all that most troubled the public about the rise of big business in America. 13. Ida M. Tarbell's History of the Standard Oil Company in McClure's Magazine depicted John D. Rockefeller as A. a ruthless, unscrupulous malefactor who had used practically every dirty trick in the corporate book to gain control of the oil industry. 14. The economic theory of laissez-faire gained political clout in the late nineteenth century in part because B. the Supreme Court increasingly was reinterpreting the Constitution to protect business. 15. Andrew Carnegie's message in his gospel of wealth was that A. millionaires are trustees and agents for the poor. 16. Having stated that "the paramount issue this year is moral rather than political," supporters of Grover Cleveland in 1884 were chagrined to learn that Cleveland had A. fathered a child out of wedlock. 17. Both the Interstate Commerce Act and the Sherman Antitrust Act B. testified to the nation's growing willingness to use federal measures to intervene in big business on behalf of the public interest. 18. Denied the right to vote during in the late nineteenth century, American women C. found ways to affect the political process though the antilynching, suffrage, and temperance movements. 19. The Interstate Commerce Commission, the nation's first federal regulatory agency, D. was so weak in its early years that it served as little more than a historical precedent. 20. Vertical integration A. places all aspects of the business, from mining raw materials to marketing and transporting finished products, under the control of the chief operating officer. 21. Women on the frontier D. were forced to work hard at even the simplest tasks. 22. One of the most important consequences of the civil service reform of the 1880s was that B. business became even more influential in politics than before. 23. Carnegie Steel achieved the tremendous productivity that Andrew Carnegie insisted on by A. forcing employees to work long hours under extremely dangerous conditions for low pay. 24. The proliferation of dime novels and outfits like William F. Cody's Wild West Company D. mythologized and romanticized life in the Old West. 25. A key factor in the rise of the Gilded Age was A. the growth of industrialism in the United States. History Unit Quiz 2 ¥ The Knights of Labor o was the first large-scale organization for American workers. ¥ The workers' strike at the Homestead plant in 1892 was fundamentally o a contest between workers' rights and property rights. ¥ People were injured and killed at the Homestead mill in 1892 after Henry Clay Frick o hired Pinkertons to enter the plant via the river. ¥ Union leader Eugene Debs served six months in jail for his part in the Pullman strike and came out o believing that workers must take control of the state. ¥ In the last decades of the nineteenth century, national politics in the United States was dominated by o dynamic party bosses. ¥ The eloquent plea for free silverÑ"Do not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold"Ñwas made in 1896 by o William Jennings Bryan. ¥ In 1900, America's foreign policy was paradoxical because o the country wanted to keep the Western Hemisphere closed to outside influences yet wanted access to Asia. ¥ Secretary of State John Hay initiated the Open Door policy in 1900 to ensure o access to trade in China for all. ¥ America's entrance into the Spanish-American War was a direct result of o pressure by the press and the sinking of the Maine. ¥ The Farmers Alliance movement of the 1880s helped farmers o by sponsoring cooperatives that would give them economic independence. ¥ Jane Addams quickly learned that it was impossible to deal with social problems in the city without o becoming involved in political action. ¥ The progressive movement in the United States began at the o grassroots level and percolated up to the national level of government. ¥ American women of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries found that the settlement house movement o was a good place to use their talents to help society. ¥ The term muckrakers refers to Progressive Era journalists who o filled papers and periodicals with stories of corporate and political wrongdoing. ¥ The primary difference between preservationists and conservationists was that o preservationists sought to protect the wilderness from all commercial exploitation, while conservationists advocated its efficient use. ¥ To obtain the Panamanian isthmus for construction of a canal, the United States o backed an uprising in Panama arranged by New York investors. ¥ In his best-selling How the Other Half Lives (1890), Jacob Riis o forced middle-class Americans to acknowledge the degraded reality of the poor. ¥ In the late 1800s, Coney Island symbolized the o rise of mass entertainment in America. ¥ By 1900, the WCTU (Women's Christian Temperance Union) could claim credit for o providing a generation of women with experience in political action. ¥ The fundamental difference in the philosophies of Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. Du Bois was that Washington o focused on education and economic progress, while Du Bois emphasized civil rights and black leadership. ¥ President Roosevelt was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1906 for his role in o negotiating an end to the Russo-Japanese War. ¥ In 1869, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony formed the National Woman Suffrage Association, which o demanded the vote for women. ¥ President Taft's "dollar diplomacy" in the Caribbean o set commercial rather than strategic goals. ¥ The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine o set up the United States as the police power in the Western Hemisphere. ¥ Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom o argued that centralized government was the most effective means of broadening democracy. EXAM 1 History 1. A key factor in the rise of the Gilded Age was b. the growth of industrialism in the United States. 2. Vertical integration d. places all aspects of the business, from mining raw materials to marketing and transporting finished products, under the control of the chief operating officer. 3. Before the advent of the automobile, crude oil was used mainly d. for lubrication and lighting in the form of kerosene. 4. By the 1890s, Standard Oil c. had employed both horizontal and vertical integration to control more than 90 percent of the oil business. 5. Ida M. Tarbell's History of the Standard Oil Company in McClure's Magazine depicted John D. Rockefeller as d. a ruthless, unscrupulous malefactor who had used practically every dirty trick in the corporate book to gain control of the oil Industry. 6. The theory of social Darwinism held that a. progress is the result of competition, and that social reforms and other modes of human interference impede progress. 7. In the late nineteenth century, the notion that black men were a threat to white women in the South contributed significantly to: c. an increase in lynchings across the South. 8. President James A. Garfield unwittingly helped the cause of civil service reform d. when he was shot by Charles Guiteau, a mentally disturbed man who had failed to secure a government position. 9. Having stated that "the paramount issue this year is moral rather than political," supporters of Grover Cleveland in 1884 were chagrined to learn that Cleveland had b. fathered a child out of wedlock. 10. Both the Interstate Commerce Act and the Sherman Antitrust Act b. testified to the nation's growing willingness to use federal measures to intervene in big business on behalf of the public interest. 11. The Comstock Lode was c. the richest vein of silver ore found on the North American continent. 12. By the end of the Indian Wars, the Native American population in the continental United States had a. fallen to 250,000 from an estimated 15 million at the time of first contact with Europeans. 13. Although the Chinese were thought to be hard workers, anti-Chinese prejudice prevented them from working b. in the mines. 14. The two factors that most helped stimulate the land rush in the trans-Mississippi West were the b. Homestead Act of 1862 and the opening of the transcontinental railroad. 15. The invention of barbed wire revolutionized the cattle industry by a. making it possible for ranchers to fence in their cattle. 16. African American cowboys in the West were c. ignored by the popular fiction of the time, despite their substantial presence in the region. 17. The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 c. had led to a sharp decline in the Chinese population of the American West by 1900. 18. The buffalo herds on the Great Plains were decimated by b. both buffalo hunters hired by the railroads and irresponsible sportsmen. 19. The Dawes Act (1887) b. broke up reservations and allotted individual pieces of land to Native Americans. 20. Technological advances and mechanization allowed U.S. industrialists to c. replace skilled laborers with lower-paid unskilled laborers from southern and eastern Europe. 21. Southern blacks migrated to northern cities in the 1890s d. for economic reasons 22. As middle- and upper-class urbanites moved to new areas of their cities, poor city dwellers a. were forced into inner-city slums and the neighborhoods around the factories where they worked. 23. In the working-class family of nineteenth-century America, economic survival a. depended on everyone's working. 24. In the last three decades of the nineteenth century, child labor in American mines and textile mills was common because a. children's wages were lower than those of adult workers. 25. The opening of department stores in the late nineteenth century went hand in hand with. a. a new consumer culture and the material promise of the times. 26. New York City's Central Park was planned as b. a retreat from the bustle of the city. 27. By 1900, the WCTU (Women's Christian Temperance Union) could claim credit for b. providing a generation of women with experience in political action. 28. In 1869, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony formed the National Woman Suffrage Association, which d. demanded the vote for women. 29. Denied the right to vote during in the late nineteenth century, American women a. found ways to affect the political process through the antilynching, suffrage, and temperance movements. 30. The 15-percent wage increase in America between 1873 and 1893 primarily benefited a. white men. 31. As a consequence of the business expansion and consolidation of the late nineteenth century, d. a new class of managers evolved. 32. During the 1880s, the Knights of Labor advocated for b. public ownership of the railroads, an income tax, equal pay for women, and the abolition of child labor. 33. The workers' strike at the Homestead plant in 1892 was fundamentally a. a contest between workers' rights and property rights. 34. People were injured and killed at the Homestead mill in 1892 after Henry Clay Frick c. hired Pinkertons to enter the plant via the river. 35. The primary issue that triggered the Cripple Creek miners' strike of 1894 was the b. owners' efforts to lengthen the workday from eight to ten hours. 36. In the 1870s, U.S. industrialists hired cheap labor from around the world because b. railroad expansion and low steamship fares enabled immigrants to flock to America. 37. In the last decades of the nineteenth century, national politics in the United States was dominated by c. dynamic party bosses. 38. Most people looking for government jobs in the 1880s were worried about having to pass an examination to qualify for a job because a. few had the education to pass a written examination. 39. In the months before the election of 1896, a. the Populists officially backed Democrat William Jennings Bryan. 40. The eloquent plea for free silverÑ"Do not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold"Ñwas made in 1896 by d. William Jennings Bryan. 41. In 1900, America's foreign policy was paradoxical because a. the country wanted to keep the Western Hemisphere closed to outside influences yet wanted access to Asia. 42. In the 1890s, Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan and others advocated U.S. expansion c. to acquire new markets. 43. Secretary of State John Hay initiated the Open Door policy in 1900 to ensure d. access to trade in China for all. 44. America's entrance into the Spanish-American War was a direct result of a. pressure by the press and the sinking of the Maine. 45. As a result of the Spanish-American War, the "most famous man in America" was b. Theodore Roosevelt. 46. U.S. control of the Philippines did not come easy because d. revolutionaries fought against the United States for seven years. 47. At the root of farmers' dissatisfaction in the late nineteenth century were a. banking, railroads, and speculation. 48. The Farmers Alliance movement of the 1880s helped farmers d. by sponsoring cooperatives that would give them economic independence. 49. Jane Addams quickly learned that it was impossible to deal with social problems in the city without b. becoming involved in political action. 50. The progressive movement in the United States began at the c. grassroots level and percolated up to the national level of government. 51. American women of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries found that the settlement house movement b. was a good place to use their talents to help society. 52. The new social gospel of the late nineteenth century c. called for the reform of both individuals and society. 53. Taken together, President Roosevelt's actions in the anthracite coal strike of 1902 and the dissolution of Northern Securities in 1904 demonstrated that the government b. intended to act independently of big business. 54. The term muckrakers refers to Progressive Era journalists who a. filled papers and periodicals with stories of corporate and political wrongdoing. 55. The primary difference between preservationists and conservationists was that d. preservationists sought to protect the wilderness from all commercial exploitation, while conservationists advocated its efficient use. 56. In his foreign policy, President Roosevelt believed that b. "civilized nations" should police the world and hold "backward nations" in line. 57. To obtain the Panamanian isthmus for construction of a canal, the United States d. backed an uprising in Panama arranged by New York investors. 58. President Roosevelt was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1906 for his role in d. negotiating an end to the Russo-Japanese War. 59. Woodrow Wilson was able to win the 1912 presidential election largely because d. Theodore Roosevelt entered the race and split the Republican vote. 60. Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom c. argued that centralized government was the most effective means of broadening democracy. d. incorporated his belief in limited government, states' rights, and open markets. 61. Soon after Margaret Sanger launched her movement for birth control in 1915, c. she faced arrest for distributing "obscene" information. 62. The efforts of Alice Paul and Carrie Chapman Catt were instrumental in d. passage of the Nineteenth Amendment. 63. The Progressive Era witnessed the rise of Jim Crow laws in the South that were designed to a. legalize and expand racial segregation in public facilities. 64. The fundamental difference in the philosophies of Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. Du Bois was that Washington d. focused on education and economic progress, while Du Bois emphasized civil rights and black leadership. 65. According to Ida B. Wells, lynching was a problem rooted in B. economics and the shifting social structure of the South. 66. In the late 1800s, Coney Island symbolized the A. rise of mass entertainment in America. 67. The White City, constructed in 1893 five miles down the shore from Chicago, was A. the home of the Columbian Exposition. 68. In 1894, Jacob S. Coxey led thousands of unemployed people to Washington to propose a plan D. to put the jobless to work building roads. 69. The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine A. set up the United States as the police power in the Western Hemisphere. 70. The proliferation of dime novels and outfits like William F. Cody's Wild West Company B. mythologized and romanticized life in the Old West. 71. Henry Miller and Charles Lux can best be described as B. the Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller of the far West. 72. In the years after 1870, the western portion of Kansas and Nebraska and the eastern portion of Colorado were referred to as C. the Great American Desert. 73. Racism in late-nineteenth-century America was most evident in B. violence toward blacks and the economic scapegoating of Asians on the West Coast. 74. The Haymarket affair of 1886 A. began as a rally of laborers organized by radicals. 75. Beginning in the 1870s, American men of all classes were united in their passion for C. baseball. Quiz 3 History President Wilson's initial reaction to the outbreak of war in Europe in 1914 was to c. proclaim America's absolute neutrality. The introduction of radio in the United States allowed D. All of the above The Ku Klux Klan reemerged in 1915 largely in response to the belief that B. the nation needed to be defended against the threat to traditional values posed by blacks, immigrants, radicals, feminists, Catholics, and Jews. Welfare capitalism was created by D. businesses to encourage loyalty to the company. During World War I, the Germans introduced c. trench warfare using poison gas and barbed wire. The flapper of the 1920s represented b. a challenge to traditional gender roles. Pancho Villa led a rebellion of Mexican farmers who B. believed the new American-backed government had betrayed the revolution's promise to help the common people. The National War Labor Policies Board was successful in enacting A. the eight-hour day, a living minimum wage, and collective bargaining rights for workers in industry. Before the outbreak of World War I, Europe was divided into D. the Triple Entente and the Triple Alliance. The outpouring of African American literature and art in New York City in the 1920s was a. known as the Harlem Renaissance. Between 1915 and 1920, in an effort to escape the South's cotton fields and kitchens, blacks B. left the South for northern industrial cities. The labor shortage that resulted from the mobilization of U.S. troops in 1917 a. expanded opportunities for women. U.S. women finally got the vote when C. Congress passed the Nineteenth Amendment, which was subsequently ratified by the required two-thirds of the states. The Dawes Plan B. halved Germany's annual reparations payments and initiated American loans to Germany. President Wilson's Fourteen Points called for a. free trade and the right of Europeans to self-determination. The Committee on Public Information was created by President Wilson to a. stir up patriotism through posters, pamphlets, cartoons, and press releases. In 1927, Charles Lindbergh became the first person to a. fly nonstop across the Atlantic Ocean. Shortly after returning home from World War I, black veterans were met with b. race riots and economic hardship. The highly publicized Scopes trial d. concerned the teaching of the theory of evolution. The outcome of the Sacco and Vanzetti trial was evidence of d. the antiforeign hysteria that was rampant among many Americans. President Harding's administration was characterized by C. scandals that touched many members of his administration. Like immigrants from Europe and black migrants from the South, Mexican migrants to the American Southwest D. dreamed of a better life but found a mix of opportunity and disappointment. President Harding's stance on prohibition was exemplified by the fact that d. liquor flowed freely in the White House during his administration. The Zimmermann telegram a. promised Mexico its former territories in the United States if it would declare war on its northern neighbor. Senator Henry Cabot Lodge strongly opposed the Treaty of Versailles because he d. believed that Great Britain should be allowed to retain its empire. Quiz 4 History The attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, was part of the Japanese plan to b. knock out American naval bases in the Pacific. In America during World War II, automobile tires, shoes, and meat were d. rationed. President Roosevelt's signature program was called D. the New Deal. The Nye committee's 1933 report concluded that A. the greed of American munitions makers, bankers, and financiers was responsible for the nation's entry into World War I. As the Allies closed in on him in December 1944, Hitler ordered a desperate counterattack through Belgium known as A. the Battle of the Bulge. Hitler's final solution was B. the extermination of Jews and other "undesirables." World War II began with the d. German invasion of Poland in 1939. June 6, 1944, the date the Allies unleashed an assault against the German army on the beaches of Normandy, is known as a. D Day. The New Deal most improved the quality of life in rural America by B. providing electricity through the Rural Electrification Administration. The Maginot Line was a D. concrete fortification that separated much of France from Germany. During World War II, the largest group of newly employed women in industrial jobs formerly held by men was d. single women. Enacted in response to a U.S. labor revolution in 1934, the National Labor Relations Act, or Wagner Act, D. guaranteed workers the right to organize and created the National Labor Relations Board. The Civilian Conservation Corps was developed by the Roosevelt administration to B. give young men jobs on conservation projects. In the Bataan Death March in 1942, B. Japanese soldiers forced U.S. soldiers to march sixty-five miles to a concentration camp. The Lend-Lease Act of 1941 was calculated to B. make armaments available to Britain. In the Atlantic Charter, the United States and England B. pledged to protect the freedom of the seas, free trade, and the right of national self-determination. To overcome strong objections to the program, the framers of Social Security agreed that the program would be funded by Choose one answer. A. tax contributions from workers and their employers. When President Roosevelt said "the only thing we have to fear is fear itself," he was referring to C. the paralyzing terror caused by the depression. The final blow to the National Recovery Administration came in May 1935, when C. the Supreme Court ruled that the agency was unconstitutional. The members of the Bonus Army who gathered in Washington, D.C., in June and July 1932 were there to B. persuade Congress to give them the bonus they had been promised for their service in World War I. The Works Progress Administration, which operated from 1935 to 1943, A. generated jobs for 13 million unemployed men and women. All of the following were priorities of President Roosevelt when he first took office except A. civil rights legislation to end the practice of lynching. All of the following were arguments for using the atomic bomb against Japan except Choose one answer. A. to prevent Japan from launching its own superbomb. In 1942, President Roosevelt authorized the roundup and internment of all Americans of Japanese descent because a. a large number of people believed that Japanese Americans were potential sources of espionage and subversion. During the 1930s, the tide of fascism, militarism, and violent nationalism that most concerned the United States rose in A. Italy, Japan, and Germany. EXAM 2: History The Zimmermann telegram B. promised Mexico its former territories in the United States if it would declare war on its northern neighbor. During World War I, the Germans introduced A. trench warfare using poison gas and barbed wire. The labor shortage that resulted from the mobilization of U.S. troops in 1917 D. expanded opportunities for women. The Committee on Public Information was created by President Wilson to B. stir up patriotism through posters, pamphlets, cartoons, and press releases. President Wilson's Fourteen Points called for D. free trade and the right of Europeans to self-determination. President Wilson's initial reaction to the outbreak of war in Europe in 1914 was to d. proclaim America's absolute neutrality. Senator Henry Cabot Lodge strongly opposed the Treaty of Versailles because he a. believed membership in the League of Nations would jeopardize the nation's freedom to make its own foreign policy. The flapper of the 1920s represented b. a challenge to traditional gender roles. President Harding's stance on prohibition was exemplified by the fact that b. liquor flowed freely in the White House during his administration. Shortly after returning home from World War I, black veterans were met with c. race riots and economic hardship. The outpouring of African American literature and art in New York City in the 1920s was c. known as the Harlem Renaissance. In 1927, Charles Lindbergh became the first person to a. fly nonstop across the Atlantic Ocean. The outcome of the Sacco and Vanzetti trial was evidence of d. the antiforeign hysteria that was rampant among many Americans. The highly publicized Scopes trial a. concerned the teaching of the theory of evolution. U.S. women finally got the vote when D. Congress passed the Nineteenth Amendment, which was subsequently ratified by the required two-thirds of the states. Pancho Villa led a rebellion of Mexican farmers who B. believed the new American-backed government had betrayed the revolution's promise to help the common people. Before the outbreak of World War I, Europe was divided into B. the Triple Entente and the Triple Alliance. The National War Labor Policies Board was successful in enacting A. the eight-hour day, a living minimum wage, and collective bargaining rights for workers in industry. Between 1915 and 1920, in an effort to escape the South's cotton fields and kitchens, blacks C. left the South for northern industrial cities. Like immigrants from Europe and black migrants from the South, Mexican migrants to the American Southwest D. dreamed of a better life but found a mix of opportunity and disappointment. President Harding's administration was characterized by B. scandals that touched many members of his administration. The Dawes Plan C. halved Germany's annual reparations payments and initiated American loans to Germany. Welfare capitalism was created by C. businesses to encourage loyalty to the company. The introduction of radio in the United States allowed D. All of the above The Ku Klux Klan reemerged in 1915 largely in response to the belief that D. the nation needed to be defended against the threat to traditional values posed by blacks, immigrants, radicals, feminists, Catholics, and Jews. The members of the Bonus Army who gathered in Washington, D.C., in June and July 1932 were there to A. persuade Congress to give them the bonus they had been promised for their service in World War I. President Roosevelt's signature program was called D. the New Deal. When President Roosevelt said "the only thing we have to fear is fear itself," he was referring to B. the paralyzing terror caused by the depression. All of the following were priorities of President Roosevelt when he first took office except D. civil rights legislation to end the practice of lynching. The Civilian Conservation Corps was developed by the Roosevelt administration to D. give young men jobs on conservation projects. The New Deal most improved the quality of life in rural America by B. providing electricity through the Rural Electrification Administration. The final blow to the National Recovery Administration came in May 1935, when D. the Supreme Court ruled that the agency was unconstitutional. The Works Progress Administration, which operated from 1935 to 1943, A. generated jobs for 13 million unemployed men and women. Enacted in response to a U.S. labor revolution in 1934, the National Labor Relations Act, or Wagner Act, A. guaranteed workers the right to organize and created the National Labor Relations Board. To overcome strong objections to the program, the framers of Social Security agreed that the program would be funded by D. tax contributions from workers and their employers. During the 1930s, the tide of fascism, militarism, and violent nationalism that most concerned the United States rose in B. Italy, Japan, and Germany. The Nye committee's 1933 report concluded that D. the greed of American munitions makers, bankers, and financiers was responsible for the nation's entry into World War I. World War II began with the B. German invasion of Poland in 1939. The Maginot Line was a C. concrete fortification that separated much of France from Germany. The Lend-Lease Act of 1941 was calculated to C. make armaments available to Britain. In the Atlantic Charter, the United States and England B. pledged to protect the freedom of the seas, free trade, and the right of national self-determination. The attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, was part of the Japanese plan to B. knock out American naval bases in the Pacific. In 1942, President Roosevelt authorized the roundup and internment of all Americans of Japanese descent because A. a large number of people believed that Japanese Americans were potential sources of espionage and subversion. In the Bataan Death March in 1942, B. Japanese soldiers forced U.S. soldiers to march sixty-five miles to a concentration camp. During World War II, the majority of women who entered the labor force were A. single women. Hitler's final solution was C. the extermination of Jews and other "undesirables." June 6, 1944, the date the Allies unleashed an assault against the German army on the beaches of Normandy, is known as A. D Day. As the Allies closed in on him in December 1944, Hitler ordered a desperate counterattack through Belgium known as C. the Battle of the Bulge. All of the following were arguments for using the atomic bomb against Japan except C. to prevent Japan from launching its own superbomb. In America during World War II, automobile tires, shoes, and meat we