Each Of The Following Structures Is Invalid

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Each Of The Following Structures Is Invalid

. Identify the error in each case.
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CO2 should have 4 2(6)=16 valence electrons. The given structure shows 20 electrons (2 shared pairs and 8 unshared pairs). Thus, the structure is invalid even though each atom has an octet. Each F atom in OF2 is shown with 10 electrons (2 shared pairs and 3 unshared pairs), which is an octet-rule violation. Thus, the structure is invalid even though it has the correct total number of electrons. F2 should have 2(7)=14 electrons. The given structure shows 10 electrons (3 shared pairs and 2 unshared pairs). Thus, the structure is invalid even though each atom has an octet. The N atom in NO3- is shown with 6 electrons (3 shared pairs), which is an octet-rule violation. Thus, the structure is invalid even though it has the correct total number of electrons. Note that octet-rule violations don't always indicate an invalid structure. For example, elements in the third period and beyond can have more than 8 electrons. Hydrogen, beryllium, and boron always have less than 8 (2, 4, and 6 electrons respectively). So really, C, N, O, and F are the only atoms that exclusively follow the octet rule, and that's only true for molecules with an even number of electrons. For this reason, many instructors prefer to say the "octet suggestion"" rather than the ""octet rule""."
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