of a solid directly to a gas, without passing through the liquid state. sublimation The process by which water vapor changes directly to a solid is called ________. deposition This process results in the release of about 600 calories of latent heat per gram of water. Condensation The process of converting a liquid to vapor is termed ________. evaporation Examine the words and/or phrases for the question below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option which does not fit the pattern. Condensation The change of state from a gas to a liquid is called ________. condensation The process by which water vapor changes directly to a solid is called ________. deposition solid to gas = sublimation gas to solid = deposition solid to liquid = melting liquid to solid = freezing liquid to gas = evaporation gas to liquid = condensation The dew point is the temperature at which ________. water vapor condenses to a liquid Please answer the following question using the data below: H2O vapor content: 14 grams H2O vapor capacity: 20 grams at 25¡C 14 grams at 20¡C 10 grams at 15¡C What is the relative humidity for the above conditions at 25¡C? 70% Please answer the following question using the data below: H2O vapor content: 14 grams H2O vapor capacity: 20 grams at 25¡C 14 grams at 20¡C 10 grams at 15¡C For the given conditions, what would happen to the relative humidity value if the temperature increased from 25¡C? It would decrease Please answer the following question using the data below: H2O vapor content: 14 grams H2O vapor capacity: 20 grams at 25 degrees Celsius 14 grams at 20_C 10 grams at 15_C What is the dew point for the conditions listed above? 20 degrees C Please answer the following question using the data below: H2O vapor content: 14 grams H2O vapor capacity: 20 grams at 25¡C 14 grams at 20¡C 10 grams at 15¡C What would happen if the temperature were cooled to 15¡C? increase in relative humidity and condensation of 4 grams of water Because the mixing ratio is expressed in units of mass, it is affected by changes in pressure or temperature. False If the temperature rises and the amount of moisture in the air remains unchanged, the relative humidity will increase. False If the temperature drops and the amount of moisture in the air remains unchanged, the relative humidity will increase. True Generally the water vapor content of the air over a tropical desert exceeds that of the air over the polar ice caps. True Relative humidity is usually expressed as a percent. True The capacity of air to "hold" water vapor is temperature dependent. True When air is cooled to its dew point, the relative humidity is 100%. true Dew point is the temperature at which the air is saturated. True is the mass of water vapor in a unit of air compared to the remaining mass of dry air. Mixing ratio If air at sea level with a temperature of 27¡C is forced up a mountain slope and the air's dew point at the condensation level is 14¡C, at what elevation will condensation begin? 1300 meters temperature changes are those that do not involve the addition or subtraction of heat. Adiabatic Deserts such as the Great Basin, Gobi, and Takla Makan are examples of rainshadow deserts Examine the words and/or phrases for the question below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option which does not fit the pattern. adiabatic cooling Orographic lifting occurs where sloping terrains, such as mountains, act as barriers to the flow of air. True Deserts, which are cut off from moisture by mountain ranges, are termed isolated deserts. False wedging occurs when warm air is forced over cooler air. Frontal Orographic lifting describes what process? Air is forced to rise over a mountainous barrier. Stability prevails when the environmental lapse rate is ________. less than the wet adiabatic rate When air is unstable, the environmental lapse rate is ________. greater than the dry adiabatic rate Which of the following will NOT cause air to become unstable? subsidence of an air column Which of the following would NOT be associated with stable atmospheric conditions? afternoon thunder showers A parcel of air has a temperature of 0¡C as it crosses a mountain range at 3000 meters. If it descends, what will its temperature be when it reaches sea level? 30¡C Air that resists vertical motion is described as being stable. True When stable air is forced to rise, any clouds that are produced are generally thin and flat lying. True When unstable air is forced to rise, towering clouds and stormy conditions are expected. True The cloud form that is best described as sheets or layers that cover much or all of the sky is termed ________. stratus Considering the factors involved in the formation of clouds, briefly discuss the relationship of climate and clouds. Would you expect such things as cloud height and the types of clouds to vary from one region to another due to differing climates? Why or why not? Also, how would geography affect this process? Climate is the weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long period. While a cloud is a visible mass of condensed water vapor floating in the atmosphere, typically high above the ground. I would expect such things as cloud height and the types of clouds to vary from one region to another due to differing climates because of geography. The cloud form that consists of globular cloud masses that take on a billowy or "cauliflowerlike" structure is called ________. cumulus This term is used to describe clouds found in the middle height range. Alto High clouds that form delicate veil-like patches or extended wispy fibers are termed ________. cirrus This term is used to describe clouds that produce precipitation. Nimbo These clouds are often called "fair weather" clouds. Cumulus This cloud sometimes produces "mare's tails." cirrus Thunder and lightning are associated with these clouds. cumulonimbus This cloud type is confined to the middle height range. altostratus A halo around the Sun or Moon indicates that this cloud type is present. cirrostratus A dark gray cloud that blankets the sky and often generates precipitation is called ________. nimbostratus This cloud may develop an "anvil head." cumulonimbus Tornadoes can be associated with this cloud type. cumulonimbus Hail is most commonly associated with ________. cumulonimbus The most important process of cloud formation in the atmosphere is ________. cooling by expansion of air The change of state from a gas to a liquid is called ________. condensation Examine the words and/or phrases for the question below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option which does not fit the pattern. nimbostratus clouds that form sheets or layers that cover much of the sky. Stratus The term used to describe clouds that consist of globular masses that take on a billowy form is ________. cumulus The term used to indicate a cloud found in the middle height range is ________. alto High clouds that form delicate veil-like patches or wispy fibers are called ________ clouds. Cirrus The term ________ is incorporated into the name of clouds that generate precipitation. nimbo Thunder and lightning are normally associated with ________ clouds. cumulonimbus Small billowy clouds associated with fair weather are called ________ clouds. cumulus A dark gray cloud that blankets the sky and often generates precipitation is called ________. nimbostratus The ________ is the temperature to which a parcel of air would need to be cooled in order to reach saturation. Dew point When air sinks, it compresses and warms. True When air rises, it expands and cools adiabatically. True Clouds form because rising air cools as it comes in contact with colder air aloft. False This fog forms in valleys at night. Radiation fog When warm moist air moves over a cold surface, ________ fog may result. Advection This fog results from adiabatic cooling. upslope Which one of the fogs listed below may be categorized as an evaporation fog? Steam Examine the words and/or phrases for the question below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option which does not fit the pattern. Steam fog What type of fog forms in valleys at night? Radiation fog When warm moist air moves over a cold surface, ________ fog may result. Advection The amount of water vapor in the air (by volume) usually does not exceed ________. 4% We are likely to have our highest relative humidity ________. about sunrise When using a psychrometer and the two temperatures read nearly the same, you can conclude that ________. the air has a high relative humidity Under what circumstances could the relative humidity exceed 100% without producing condensation in the air? when there are no condensation nuclei Examine the words and/or phrases for the question below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option which does not fit the pattern. Hail A wintertime form of precipitation that consists of small ice particles is called ________. sleet The highest relative humidity on a particular day usually occurs in the midafternoon. False The highest relative humidity during a particular day usually occurs just before sunrise. True On a given day in the winter in St. Louis, Missouri, it began snowing in the morning, the snow changed to rain by noon, later in the afternoon sleet was falling which turned to snow, and by evening rain was freezing on bridges and roadways as glaze. Briefly explain how such a sequence of precipitation might occur. On that day St. Louis was on the crest of a frontal wave that had passed through over the span of the day. A cool wet air mass provided the snow. As the warm front passed over St. Louis the snow turned to rain. As the cold front behind the warm front passed St. Louis the warm air trapped above provided the moisture that fell through colder air and formed sleet. As the cold air mass thickened the moisture had more time for freeze forming snow as it fell through the cold air. The front became quasi stationary and then began to back up. The ground under the cold air had cooled and provided a cold surface for the freezing rain to adhere to. A wintertime form of precipitation that consists of small ice particles is called ________. sleet When supercooled raindrops freeze on contact with solid objects, ________ forms. Glaze When supercooled raindrops freeze on contact with solid objects, ________ forms. Glaze Weather and climate are synonymous terms false Air may best be described as ________. a mixture Which one of the following is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere? Nitrogen With which of the following is dust in the atmosphere associated? All of these Which one of the gases listed below is more important meteorologically (that is, is more important in weather processes) than the others? carbon dioxide The triatomic form of oxygen (O3) is known as ________. ozone Ozone filters out most of the ________ radiation in sunlight. Ultraviolet Ozone is concentrated in the ________. stratosphere Examine the words and/or phrases for the question below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option which does not fit the pattern. Hydrogen Tiny solid and liquid particles suspended in the atmosphere are collectively called aerosols. true