TR. B. 3' UTR. C. Shine-Dalgarno sequence. D. introns. E. protein-coding region. Score: 1 of 1 2. 41. (Problem 29) A geneticist induces a mutation in a cell line growing in the laboratory. The mutation occurred in one of the genes that encodes proteins that participate in the cleavage and polyadenylation of eukaryotic mRNA. What will the immediate effect of this mutation be on RNA molecules in the cultured cells? A. The cellular nuclease would degrade mRNA more quickly in the cytoplasm. B. Longer than normal proteins would be produced inside the cell. C. The defect from the mutation would not affect the cell at all. D. A large number of mRNA would have stalled ribosomes attached to them. E. There would be unusually high amount of protein degradation occurring in the cytoplasm. Score: 1 of 1 3. 20. (Problem 13) All of the following are modifications in tRNA that take place through processing EXCEPT A. removal of nucleotides from both the 5' and 3' end of the tRNA transcript. B. polyadenylation of the 3' end of the tRNA transcript. C. cleavage of the precursor tRNA into smaller molecules. D. alteration of standard bases by base-modifying enzymes. E. intron removal not mediated by spliceosome but by enzymes. Score: 0 of 1 4. 2. (Problem 2) Which of the following statements incorrectly describes the characteristics of introns? A. Introns are typically much longer than exons in a gene. B. The presence of introns is more prominent in eukaryotes than in eukaryotes C. Mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes do not contain introns while nuclear genes do. D. The average human gene contains eight to nine introns. E. All the introns and the exons are initially transcribed into RNA transcripts. Score: 0 of 1 5. 19. (Problem 12) All of the following take place in processing a eukaryotic pre-mRNA EXCEPT A. addition of 5' methyl-guanine cap. B. addition of acetyl group. C. addition of polyA tail. D. splicing of exons. E. 3' cleavage within the 3' UTR. Score: 1 of 1 6. 23. (Problem 15) Which of the following statements incorrectly describe rRNA processing? A. Ribosomal RNA is processed in both bacterial and eukaryotic cells. B. In eukaryotes, snRNAs function to cleave and modify the precursor rRNAs and then help assemble them into mature ribosomes. C. The bacterial rRNA precursor is methylated and then cleaved and trimmed to produce the 23S, 5S and 16S rRNA components. D. In bacteria, a single gene that encodes all three RNA components. E. The eukaryotic 18S, 5.8S and 28S rRNA are generated from a single precursor rRNA transcript while 5S rRNA is encoded by a separate gene. Score: 1 of 1 7. 39. (Problem 27) What would be the result of deleting the 5' cap from a eukaryotic pre-mRNA? A. Transcription would continue past the end of the gene-coding sequence, resulting in a longer pre-mRNA transcript. B. Translation would continue past the end of the gene-coding sequence, resulting in a longer pre-mRNA transcript. C. Transcription would not occur, as the transcription factors would not be able to bind to the promoter. D. Translation would not occur, as the ribosome would not be able to bind to the pre-mRNA transcript. E. Replication would not occur, as DNA polymerase would not be able to bind to the DNA at the origin of replication. Score: 1 of 1 8. 12. (Problem 8, Part 1) What makes up the spliceosome? A. RNAse B. snRNAs and proteins C. polyA polymerases D. RNA polymerase and transcription factors E. DNAse